
Class VIII
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Chapter 1 : Matter
Kinetic theory of matter
Change of state of matter
Law of conservation of mass
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Chapter 2 : Physical and Chemical Changes
Physical and Chemical Changes - Classification with examples
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Chapter 3: Elements, Compounds & Mixtures
Brief explanation of elements, comp. & mixtures.
Classification of matter into elements, compounds, and mixtures.
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Homogeneous & heterogeneous mixture.
Separation of the components of a mixture.
Emphasis on the principle of separation.
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Chapter 4: Atomic Structure
Introduction of the structure of atom, Dalton’s at. theory.
Subatomic particles- electron, proton, neutron.
Atomic number & mass number.
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Chapter 5: Language of Chemistry
Symbols of elements
Valency of elements & radicals
Formula of compounds on the basis of valencies of elements & radicals
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Chapter 5. Continued
Chemical equations and balancing of chemical equations applying the law of conservation of
mass.
Limitations & information gathered from a chemical equation .
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Chapter 6: Chemical Reactions
Types of reactions- combination, decomposition, displacement & double displacement.
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Chapter 6. Continued
Activity series of metals.
Exothermic & endothermic reactions with examples
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Classification of oxides- acidic, basic, neutral & amphoteric. Reactions of acidic oxide with base, basic oxides with acids, amphoteric oxides with both acid & base.
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Chapter 7: Hydrogen
Preparation of hydrogen from water
introduction to electrolysis, electrodes & electrolytes.
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Laboratory preparation
Bosch process
Properties and uses
Oxidation & reduction
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Chapter 8: Water
Water as universal solvent
Solutions, suspension & colloids
Hydrated & anhydrous substances
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Reaction of water with cold water, hot water & steam
Hard & soft water: causes & removal of hardness
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Chapter 9: Carbon & its Compounds
Allotropes of carbon – crystalline & amorphous
Uses of diamond, graphite, coke, coal, soot.
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Laboratory preparation, properties, reactions & uses of carbon dioxide.
Properties, reducing properties & uses of CO.